Exercise and physical activity are often confused with one another, and these terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Physical activity is any movement carried out by the muscles and requires energy. Exercise differs from physical activity as it is a planned, structured, repetitive, and intentional physical activity, which has the objective to improve or maintain physical fitness. Implementation of the exercise-specific rules dictates understanding the components of frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise (F.I.T.T.) principle, on which an exercise workout is planned. Both exercise and physical activity affect physiological and psycho-emotional aspects of the human behavior. Many studies suggest that exercise may increase life expectancy and the overall quality of life; it maintains physical fitness and can contribute to the maintenance of a healthy weight, building and maintaining healthy bone density, muscle strength, and joint mobility, promoting well-being, reducing surgical risks, and strengthening the immune system. Indeed, regular physical activity/exercise helps to reduce the risk of chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, many types of cancer, depression, anxiety, and dementia. Conversely, being physically inactive is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents.